{"id":645,"date":"2013-04-23T05:02:07","date_gmt":"2013-04-23T05:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/?p=645"},"modified":"2013-06-20T18:35:16","modified_gmt":"2013-06-20T18:35:16","slug":"black-carbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/?p=645","title":{"rendered":"Black Carbon"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/redracc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/06\/Bounding-the-role-of-black-carbon-in-the-climate-system.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scienti\ufb01c assessment<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c2es.org\/science-impacts\/basics\/fact-sheets\/coal-facts\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Coal and Climate Change Facts\u201d. Arlington, VA:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><a style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.c2es.org\/science-impacts\/basics\/fact-sheets\/coal-facts\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Center for Climate and Energy Solutions<\/em><strong>.<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in\/files\/10GHGTrends.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Reducing Transport Greenhouse Gas Emission\u201d.\u00a0<em>OCED<\/em>. 2010.\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/otaq\/climate\/basicinfo.htm#2\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions\u201d. EPA.\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/blackcarbon\/2012report\/fullreport.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><em>United States Environmental Protection Agency<\/em>\u00a0(<em>EPA)<\/em>, March 2012,\u00a0<em>Report<\/em>\u00a0to Congress on\u00a0<em>Black Carbon<\/em><\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/dewa\/Portals\/67\/pdf\/BlackCarbon_SDM.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2011,\u00a0<em>Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone<\/em><\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">U.S. EPA,\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/airquality\/blackcarbon\/2012report\/fullreport.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Report to Congress on Black Carbon<\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0(2012).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">U.S. EPA,\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/nepis.epa.gov\/Exe\/ZyNET.exe\/P100EF3D.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&amp;Client=EPA&amp;Index=2011+Thru+2015&amp;Docs=&amp;Query=&amp;Time=&amp;EndTime=&amp;SearchMethod=1&amp;TocRestrict=n&amp;Toc=&amp;TocEntry=&amp;QField=&amp;QFieldYear=&amp;QFieldMonth=&amp;QFieldDay=&amp;IntQFieldOp=0&amp;ExtQFieldOp=0&amp;XmlQuery=&amp;File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIndex%20Data%5C11thru15%5CTxt%5C00000004%5CP100EF3D.txt&amp;User=ANONYMOUS&amp;Password=anonymous&amp;SortMethod=h%7C-&amp;MaximumDocuments=1&amp;FuzzyDegree=0&amp;ImageQuality=r75g8\/r75g8\/x150y150g16\/i425&amp;Display=p%7Cf&amp;DefSeekPage=x&amp;SearchBack=ZyActionL&amp;Back=ZyActionS&amp;BackDesc=Results%20page&amp;MaximumPages=1&amp;ZyEntry=1&amp;SeekPage=x&amp;ZyPURL\" target=\"_blank\">Reducing Black Carbon Emissions in South Asia: Low Cost Opportunities<\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0(2012).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">Anenberg S.\u00a0<\/strong><em style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">et al.<\/em><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">,\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ehp03.niehs.nih.gov\/article\/fetchArticle.action?articleURI=info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.1104301\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Global Air Quality and Health Co-Benefits of Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change through Methane and Black Carbon Emission Controls<\/em><\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">,\u00a0Environmental Health Perspectives\u00a0(2012).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">Wallack, J. S., &amp; Ramanathan, V.,\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/igsd.org\/blackcarbon\/documents\/FA_WallackRam_2009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><em>The Other Climate Changers: Why Black Carbon and Ozone Also Matter<\/em><\/a><\/strong><em style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">,<\/em><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0Foreign Affairs\u00a0(2009).<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">Clare, D., Pistone, K., and Ramanathan, V.,\u00a0<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/igsd.org\/climate\/documents\/GettingRidofBlackCarbon-GJIA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Getting Rid of Black Carbon: A Neglected but Effective Near-Term Climate Mitigation Avenue<\/em><\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">,\u00a0Georgetown J. Int\u2019l Affairs\u00a0(2010).<\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amap.no\/assessment\/scientificbackground.htm\" target=\"_blank\">The Impact of Black Carbon on Arctic Climate.<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redracc.org\/wp-admin\/Health%20effects%20of%20black%20carbon%20This%20report%20presents%20the%20results%20of%20a%20systematic%20review%20of%20evidence%20of%20the%20health%20effects%20of%20black%20carbon%20(BC).%20The%20Task%20Force%20on%20Health%20agreed%20that%20a%20reduction%20in%20exposure%20to%20PM2.5%20containing%20BC%20and%20other%20combustion-related%20PM%20material%20for%20which%20BC%20is%20an%20indirect%20indicator%20should%20lead%20to%20a%20reduction%20in%20the%20health%20effects%20associated%20with%20PM.%20The%20Task%20Force%20recommended%20that%20PM2.5%20should%20continue%20to%20be%20used%20as%20the%20primary%20metric%20in%20quantifying%20human%20exposure%20to%20PM%20and%20the%20health%20effects%20of%20such%20exposure,%20and%20for%20predicting%20the%20benefits%20of%20exposure%20reduction%20measures.%20The%20use%20of%20BC%20as%20an%20additional%20indicator%20may%20be%20useful%20in%20evaluating%20local%20action%20aimed%20at%20reducing%20the%20population%E2%80%99s%20exposure%20to%20combustion%20PM%20(for%20example,%20from%20motorized%20traffic).%20WHO,%202012.\">Health effects of black carbon<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/blackcarbon\/\">Report to Congress on Black Carbon<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/dewa\/Portals\/67\/pdf\/BlackCarbon_report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/dewa\/Portals\/67\/pdf\/BlackCarbon_SDM.pdf\">Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone: Summary for Decision Makers<\/a><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\">\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/dewa\/Portals\/67\/pdf\/BlackCarbon_report.pdf\">Integrated Assessment of black carbon and trhopospheric Ozone<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong style=\"font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wp.cedha.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/MCN-reporte-Final-Esp_-Agosto_2011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">MCN-reporte-Final (Esp_ Agosto_2011)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scienti\ufb01c assessment Coal and Climate Change Facts\u201d. Arlington, VA:\u00a0Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. Reducing Transport Greenhouse Gas Emission\u201d.\u00a0OCED. 2010.\u00a0 Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions\u201d. EPA.\u00a0 United States Environmental Protection Agency\u00a0(EPA), March 2012,\u00a0Report\u00a0to Congress on\u00a0Black Carbon United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2011,\u00a0Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone. U.S. EPA,\u00a0Report to Congress on Black Carbon\u00a0(2012). U.S. EPA,\u00a0Reducing Black Carbon Emissions in South Asia: Low Cost Opportunities\u00a0(2012). Anenberg S.\u00a0et al.,\u00a0Global Air Quality and Health Co-Benefits of Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change through Methane and Black Carbon Emission Controls,\u00a0Environmental Health Perspectives\u00a0(2012). Wallack, J. S., &amp; Ramanathan, V.,\u00a0The Other Climate Changers: Why Black Carbon and Ozone Also Matter,\u00a0Foreign Affairs\u00a0(2009).\u00a0 Clare, D., Pistone, K., and Ramanathan, V.,\u00a0Getting Rid of Black Carbon: A Neglected but Effective Near-Term Climate Mitigation Avenue,\u00a0Georgetown J. Int\u2019l Affairs\u00a0(2010).\u00a0 The Impact of Black Carbon on Arctic Climate. Health effects of black carbon Report to Congress on Black Carbon Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone: Summary for Decision Makers\u00a0 Integrated Assessment of black carbon and trhopospheric Ozone MCN-reporte-Final (Esp_ Agosto_2011) &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publicaciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=645"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":751,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645\/revisions\/751"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/redracc.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}